After the war. Shamil (excerpt, Dilettante)
Road
On the warm September days of 1859, Shamil left the Caucasus. He was driving in a comfortable carriage, which was provided to him by the Caucasian Governor Prince Alexander Baryatinsky. The day after taking Gunib and handing over Imam, the Governor signed one of the shortest orders in the military history of Russia: "Shamil is taken — I congratulate the Caucasian army." Baryatinsky understood that creates the story, and therefore does not skimp in relation to prisoner No. 1.
But the leader of the highlanders was worried, it was difficult for him to believe in the sincerity of his enemies yesterday. Historian Shapi Kaziyev gives an interesting detail. On the way, Shamil kept glancing at the compass — the gift of Alexander's General Wrangel stormed the stronghold of Gunib, not in Siberia if carry? But the arrow, without deviating, pointed to the North.
Having reached the fortress of Temir-Khan-Shura (now Buynaksk), Shamil temporarily parted with the family and then continued on his way accompanied by his son Ghazi Mohammed and three devoted murids. It was a long stop in Chir-Yurt, where Shamil had been three days. Here was housed the famous in the Caucasus Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon regiment, which is dedicated to one of the paintings of Prince Grigory Gagarin. The regiment commander count Ivan of nostic took Shamil very welcome. He entertained the guest with a gramophone and photo albums. Nostic was a passionate lover of photography and, of course, wanted to capture the legendary Imam.
Shamil is located in the garden of nostic and began to clean up the lens, but nothing worked: the Imam sat restless, constantly looked around and clutched his dagger. The graph is messed up already a few photos when I realized what it was. His faithful aide-de-camp, having learned that the commander will be one on one with the formidable leader of the highlanders, and commanded a few Dragoons to hide in the bushes with fixed bayonets. They were supposed to protect Nostitz in the case that Shamil would have encroached on the life of the Colonel. Dragoons also really wanted to see a live Shamil. Imam immediately noticed them and, of course, thought ill.
Ten years later, Shamil and Nostic met again. Imam, Recalling the history of his first photograph, admitted: "I was sure that I would be deprived of life, and believed that you were ordered to shoot me; and who could do it better than the commander of the "Shaytan-Dragoons"? Besides, you gave me new clothes, and so did we nabami I've ordered the execution: they are always dressed in all the best and new. You put me on a chair in the secluded garden, brought me a small gun and told him to sit still: I thought that if you do not go, then I will achieve standing ten paces your Shaitan-Dragoons. God saved you then; my hand was still strong, and I was ready to stab a dagger in your chest. Would have killed me, but you remained alive."
Photo all -??? lies. The count ordered the Dragoons to move, and Shamil asked me to calm down. The picture became popular and dispersed across all Russia. The Nostitz managed to present a "viral" photo long before the global network. All proceeds from the distribution of samolevska portrait went to the treatment of the wounded Dragoon, and also to help the families of the victims.
Not less warmly Shamil adopted Stavropol. Coach Baryatinsky with the prisoner-the legend of the 7 September entered the city. According to the memoirs of contemporaries, to meet Shamil came all Stavropol population. The Imam lived up to the expectations of the people who had heard so much about the leader of the highlanders, but had no hope of ever seeing him. Shamil freely strolled in the city garden, surprising everyone with the modesty of the dress, which did not prevent him from looking impressive thanks to the proud posture and unhurried movements. In the evening Shamil invited to visit the theater, and then gave a ball in his honor. Unusual Stavropol day ended with a beautiful fireworks display on the city square.
The next important stop happened on 15 September in Chuguev is a small town near Kharkov. Here Shamil was waiting for Emperor Alexander II, who ended the Caucasian war, which continued all the reign of his father Nicholas I. the Emperor gave the Imam a Golden sword and said patronizing: "I am very glad that you are finally in Russia. I regret that it didn't happen earlier. You're not going to repent. I'll make you, and we can be friends". Then they together have observed a brilliant military parade. Shamil, accompanied by the eyes of another regiment of the Russian Tsar, probably wondered how he was able to resist this force for as long as his small Imamat, lurking in the mountains, held against this huge, boundless country.
September 22, Shamil came to the ancient. Moscow struck him with its size, the grandeur of the Kremlin. One evening, when the Imam was the guest of honor of the next ball, he had a chance to talk with the gray — haired elder-General Alexei Ermolov, who was already over eighty. What he was talking about the main characters of the drama of the Caucasian war is unknown, but they obviously had something to discuss.
Cultural shock to Shamil was a visit to the ballet "the Naiad and the fisherman". Half-naked ballerina, vydelyatsya strange somersaults, society ladies in a sensual outfits very confused by the Imam. But his son Gazi-Mohammed showed interest in the performance, highly appreciating the plastic art of dancers.
In St. Petersburg arrived on September 26, 1859. Prisoners were placed in the hotel" Znamenskaya", which was besieged by Newspapers and crowds of curious. With the appearance of the Imam on the streets resounded the cries of "goes", "here it is", and strollers Shamil immediately grew a long "tail" of wishing to get a better look at the "Napoleon of the Caucasus", as called by the Metropolitan journalist. Being accustomed to the goodwill exhibited by military and government officials, Imam still amazed at the warm reception other public. "Your boys rejoice when they see me in captivity, but they are not angry with me and do not want me to be angry — it is very good, and I do not have it: our boys would throw the prisoner with dirt..." — he said to one of the officers accompanying him.
Several remarkable meetings took place in the capital of the Russian Empire. On September 28, the family of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, the younger brother of Emperor Alexander II and the chief architect of the great reforms of 1860-1870 — ies took Shamil and Ghazi-Muhammad half of the twelfth day. Shamil and his son made an impression on the Grand Duke: "Wonderful appearance," the Grand Duke wrote in his diary. After a short conversation, the guests were given a tour of the Palace halls, the restoration of which was just finished by architect Alexander Bryullov. Shamil stayed in the Turkish room of the Grand house, where there were inscriptions in Arabic. "Here I gave him my Koran and a reading bench, and he was very pleased," Konstantin Nikolaevich said in his diary.
In St. Petersburg, Shamil met with the famous scientist Alexander Kazembek — one of the founders of Russian Oriental studies. The life story of Professor Kazembek deserves at least a few words. Muhammad Ali Mirza Kazem Bey was born into a family of respected Shiite theologian and lawyer. In 1821, the Russian administration, suspecting father Kazembek of political unreliability, sent the whole family from Derbent to Astrakhan. Here young Muhammad Ali met with Scottish missionaries, who were taught Oriental languages, and he comprehended the basics of English. The Scots didn't waste any time, and in 1823 made the Kazembek to Christianity, and called Alexander. Kazembek explained the reasons for his religious and moral coup: "I decided to move away from the Mohammedan world. This world and the philosophy of Mohammad that feeds this world now seem to me too fanatical." Then there was a successful career at Kazan University, and in 1849 — moving to St. Petersburg.
Imam heard about the Eastern sage in the Russian service and he asked for a date with him. Shamil and his son crossed the threshold of Professor Kazembek's apartment at noon on October 3. "Thank you, the famous Imam, which he knows by name almost all the light, many eminent people would envy me now, talking with this guest," is pompously welcomed by the leader of the free highlanders Alexander Kasimovich.
After the usual compliments began a serious conversation, decorated with a meal of Oriental sweets. "Struck me the most love to talk about the science... Shamil with his son, almost as well as he, versed in Eastern wisdom, alternately asked me about various Muslim scholars, their essays about what books I use in my teaching; if I teach interpretations of the Koran, known to students Mohammedans (Islamic. — A. W.) laws, whether issued by me to the course of law I give my lectures," recalled the Kazembek.
Shamil had a long slide look for the roots of Oriental books Kasimbekova the extensive library. Some he enjoyed flipping through, explained their contents to a son. With Kazembek, they became good friends and have seen each other more than once, always talking on scientific and religious topics.
In the article "Muridism and Shamil," published two months after the first meeting with the Imam, Kazembek wrote about him: "the Chief trait of his character I understood the fulfillment of all that inspired him with the conviction, he was subject to the rules set in stone cold mind with a small part of the heart, if not altogether, without this participation."
Despite the kindness of those about him, interesting meetings and gifts, Shamil was a prisoner. In St. Petersburg, he was informed that the place of his exile is a quiet provincial town of Kaluga. Also, he was introduced to an officer who had been assigned to monitor the Imam and his family. It was them who had served in the Caucasus, the captain of the Apollon Runovsky. After meeting Shamil thoughtfully repeated the name of the bailiff: "Avilon, Avilon…»
On the warm September days of 1859, Shamil left the Caucasus. He was driving in a comfortable carriage, which was provided to him by the Caucasian Governor Prince Alexander Baryatinsky. The day after taking Gunib and handing over Imam, the Governor signed one of the shortest orders in the military history of Russia: "Shamil is taken — I congratulate the Caucasian army." Baryatinsky understood that creates the story, and therefore does not skimp in relation to prisoner No. 1.
But the leader of the highlanders was worried, it was difficult for him to believe in the sincerity of his enemies yesterday. Historian Shapi Kaziyev gives an interesting detail. On the way, Shamil kept glancing at the compass — the gift of Alexander's General Wrangel stormed the stronghold of Gunib, not in Siberia if carry? But the arrow, without deviating, pointed to the North.
Having reached the fortress of Temir-Khan-Shura (now Buynaksk), Shamil temporarily parted with the family and then continued on his way accompanied by his son Ghazi Mohammed and three devoted murids. It was a long stop in Chir-Yurt, where Shamil had been three days. Here was housed the famous in the Caucasus Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon regiment, which is dedicated to one of the paintings of Prince Grigory Gagarin. The regiment commander count Ivan of nostic took Shamil very welcome. He entertained the guest with a gramophone and photo albums. Nostic was a passionate lover of photography and, of course, wanted to capture the legendary Imam.
Shamil is located in the garden of nostic and began to clean up the lens, but nothing worked: the Imam sat restless, constantly looked around and clutched his dagger. The graph is messed up already a few photos when I realized what it was. His faithful aide-de-camp, having learned that the commander will be one on one with the formidable leader of the highlanders, and commanded a few Dragoons to hide in the bushes with fixed bayonets. They were supposed to protect Nostitz in the case that Shamil would have encroached on the life of the Colonel. Dragoons also really wanted to see a live Shamil. Imam immediately noticed them and, of course, thought ill.
Ten years later, Shamil and Nostic met again. Imam, Recalling the history of his first photograph, admitted: "I was sure that I would be deprived of life, and believed that you were ordered to shoot me; and who could do it better than the commander of the "Shaytan-Dragoons"? Besides, you gave me new clothes, and so did we nabami I've ordered the execution: they are always dressed in all the best and new. You put me on a chair in the secluded garden, brought me a small gun and told him to sit still: I thought that if you do not go, then I will achieve standing ten paces your Shaitan-Dragoons. God saved you then; my hand was still strong, and I was ready to stab a dagger in your chest. Would have killed me, but you remained alive."
Photo all -??? lies. The count ordered the Dragoons to move, and Shamil asked me to calm down. The picture became popular and dispersed across all Russia. The Nostitz managed to present a "viral" photo long before the global network. All proceeds from the distribution of samolevska portrait went to the treatment of the wounded Dragoon, and also to help the families of the victims.
Not less warmly Shamil adopted Stavropol. Coach Baryatinsky with the prisoner-the legend of the 7 September entered the city. According to the memoirs of contemporaries, to meet Shamil came all Stavropol population. The Imam lived up to the expectations of the people who had heard so much about the leader of the highlanders, but had no hope of ever seeing him. Shamil freely strolled in the city garden, surprising everyone with the modesty of the dress, which did not prevent him from looking impressive thanks to the proud posture and unhurried movements. In the evening Shamil invited to visit the theater, and then gave a ball in his honor. Unusual Stavropol day ended with a beautiful fireworks display on the city square.
The next important stop happened on 15 September in Chuguev is a small town near Kharkov. Here Shamil was waiting for Emperor Alexander II, who ended the Caucasian war, which continued all the reign of his father Nicholas I. the Emperor gave the Imam a Golden sword and said patronizing: "I am very glad that you are finally in Russia. I regret that it didn't happen earlier. You're not going to repent. I'll make you, and we can be friends". Then they together have observed a brilliant military parade. Shamil, accompanied by the eyes of another regiment of the Russian Tsar, probably wondered how he was able to resist this force for as long as his small Imamat, lurking in the mountains, held against this huge, boundless country.
September 22, Shamil came to the ancient. Moscow struck him with its size, the grandeur of the Kremlin. One evening, when the Imam was the guest of honor of the next ball, he had a chance to talk with the gray — haired elder-General Alexei Ermolov, who was already over eighty. What he was talking about the main characters of the drama of the Caucasian war is unknown, but they obviously had something to discuss.
Cultural shock to Shamil was a visit to the ballet "the Naiad and the fisherman". Half-naked ballerina, vydelyatsya strange somersaults, society ladies in a sensual outfits very confused by the Imam. But his son Gazi-Mohammed showed interest in the performance, highly appreciating the plastic art of dancers.
In St. Petersburg arrived on September 26, 1859. Prisoners were placed in the hotel" Znamenskaya", which was besieged by Newspapers and crowds of curious. With the appearance of the Imam on the streets resounded the cries of "goes", "here it is", and strollers Shamil immediately grew a long "tail" of wishing to get a better look at the "Napoleon of the Caucasus", as called by the Metropolitan journalist. Being accustomed to the goodwill exhibited by military and government officials, Imam still amazed at the warm reception other public. "Your boys rejoice when they see me in captivity, but they are not angry with me and do not want me to be angry — it is very good, and I do not have it: our boys would throw the prisoner with dirt..." — he said to one of the officers accompanying him.
Several remarkable meetings took place in the capital of the Russian Empire. On September 28, the family of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, the younger brother of Emperor Alexander II and the chief architect of the great reforms of 1860-1870 — ies took Shamil and Ghazi-Muhammad half of the twelfth day. Shamil and his son made an impression on the Grand Duke: "Wonderful appearance," the Grand Duke wrote in his diary. After a short conversation, the guests were given a tour of the Palace halls, the restoration of which was just finished by architect Alexander Bryullov. Shamil stayed in the Turkish room of the Grand house, where there were inscriptions in Arabic. "Here I gave him my Koran and a reading bench, and he was very pleased," Konstantin Nikolaevich said in his diary.
In St. Petersburg, Shamil met with the famous scientist Alexander Kazembek — one of the founders of Russian Oriental studies. The life story of Professor Kazembek deserves at least a few words. Muhammad Ali Mirza Kazem Bey was born into a family of respected Shiite theologian and lawyer. In 1821, the Russian administration, suspecting father Kazembek of political unreliability, sent the whole family from Derbent to Astrakhan. Here young Muhammad Ali met with Scottish missionaries, who were taught Oriental languages, and he comprehended the basics of English. The Scots didn't waste any time, and in 1823 made the Kazembek to Christianity, and called Alexander. Kazembek explained the reasons for his religious and moral coup: "I decided to move away from the Mohammedan world. This world and the philosophy of Mohammad that feeds this world now seem to me too fanatical." Then there was a successful career at Kazan University, and in 1849 — moving to St. Petersburg.
Imam heard about the Eastern sage in the Russian service and he asked for a date with him. Shamil and his son crossed the threshold of Professor Kazembek's apartment at noon on October 3. "Thank you, the famous Imam, which he knows by name almost all the light, many eminent people would envy me now, talking with this guest," is pompously welcomed by the leader of the free highlanders Alexander Kasimovich.
After the usual compliments began a serious conversation, decorated with a meal of Oriental sweets. "Struck me the most love to talk about the science... Shamil with his son, almost as well as he, versed in Eastern wisdom, alternately asked me about various Muslim scholars, their essays about what books I use in my teaching; if I teach interpretations of the Koran, known to students Mohammedans (Islamic. — A. W.) laws, whether issued by me to the course of law I give my lectures," recalled the Kazembek.
Shamil had a long slide look for the roots of Oriental books Kasimbekova the extensive library. Some he enjoyed flipping through, explained their contents to a son. With Kazembek, they became good friends and have seen each other more than once, always talking on scientific and religious topics.
In the article "Muridism and Shamil," published two months after the first meeting with the Imam, Kazembek wrote about him: "the Chief trait of his character I understood the fulfillment of all that inspired him with the conviction, he was subject to the rules set in stone cold mind with a small part of the heart, if not altogether, without this participation."
Despite the kindness of those about him, interesting meetings and gifts, Shamil was a prisoner. In St. Petersburg, he was informed that the place of his exile is a quiet provincial town of Kaluga. Also, he was introduced to an officer who had been assigned to monitor the Imam and his family. It was them who had served in the Caucasus, the captain of the Apollon Runovsky. After meeting Shamil thoughtfully repeated the name of the bailiff: "Avilon, Avilon…»